“Substrate” is a fancy word for your Jackson’s chameleon’s bedding, the stuff that goes on the floor of the enclosure. In most reptile enclosures, substrate is typically an organic material like cypress mulch, aspen shavings, organic topsoil, coconut fiber, etc. Other reptile keepers prefer solid substrates like paper towels, tile, etc.
Due to the fact that chameleons essentially need their own artificial weather pattern inside their enclosure, the typical approach to substrate doesn’t provide the drainage necessary to get rid of all the excess water. Fortunately, since chameleons are arboreal, substrate isn’t necessary to their wellbeing. So instead of the usual substrate discussion, we need to talk about drainage systems.
Automatic misting systems, foggers, drippers, pressure sprayers, and various combinations of the above leave typical substrate options a sodden mess. Aside from being unpleasant to clean up, standing water at the bottom of your cham’s cage accumulates poo, urate, and dead feeder insects, leading to a smelly, bacteria-ridden bog. Your priority, then, is having an efficient method of eliminating this standing water.
Many chameleon keepers don’t even bother with substrate, opting instead for a drain at the bottom of the enclosure. Unfortunately, this does mean you’ll have to get a little crafty. I’m not particularly proficient at crafting (just ask my husband), so I’ll let the experts explain:
Placing potted live plants in the enclosure can help prevent wasting water, as well as creating natural climbing opportunities, drinking stations, and lovely bright green décor for your enclosure. But more on that on the next page.
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